Not many studies are able to reveal the exact cause of phobia. The phobias may occur because of different reasons and in different circumstances. Until now, there has not been an exact reason as to why phobias occur. However, the mechanism that lies behind the development of specific phobia is extremely complex and involves a combination of several factors (genetic tendencies, brain chemistry, biological, psychological and environmental factors). Following are some of the factors that may increase the chances of developing phobia, such as
Genetics: Studies reveal that certain phobias may be hereditary. But it is not necessary. First-degree relatives of individuals having phobia, are more likely to develop such tendencies .
Cultural Factors: Some phobias occur only in specific cultural groups, such as taijin kyofusho, a social phobia appearing exclusively in Japan. It is a fear of offending or harming others in social situations, and is different from a traditional social phobia.
Surroundings: Some phobia can also be a result of a traumatic experience, such as direct exposure to a traumatic event (known as direct learning experience), witnessing a traumatic event (known as observational learning experience), or hearing or reading about dangerous situations (known as informational learning).
